ITI COPA TRADE SYLLABUS

 

Basic hardware and software issues and their solutions

Most common computer problems related to hardware and software.

Computer performing slowly:

software issue: Many programs run same time

hardware issue: Small ram size

Computer keeps resorting:

Software issue: window update & antivirus

Hardware issue: Motherboard or graphic card problems

keyboard, mouse & other device are not working properly

Drivers are not get properly

Apps command not working: 

Internet is slow:

computer freeze:

The software damage so that the computer goes to freeze

download take long time: When hard disk full

Pc blue screen:

Attachments would not open:

Basic hardware and software their solutions:

1. The computer does not boot 

• It could be a Problem in your computer hardware

• If your computer does not start, first check the power cable is plugged in properly and the outlet from where power is being provided. Reconnect/ replace power cables.
• Check whether SMPS is running. Check whether the motherboard LED( Light Emitting Diode) is lit up.

2. An application is running slowly

• It could be a problem because of not updating the application and running an old version.

• First Close and reopen the application. If it does not work after reopening then Update the application. To update check for the optional updates. If you don't find this option you can run an online search for application updates.

3. An application stops working 

• It could be corrupted Cache files which have not been cleared in a long time. And even incomplete or improper installation may cause the App to crash and stop working suddenly.

• First press Ctrl+Alt+Delete to open taskbar and select the application that you are not able to close and press end task button.
• If the above process doesn't work then restart your PC it will close all apps that are open.

• Go to Settings on your device. Scroll down to the app that's causing problems and tap on it. Here you will find the Clear data and Clear cache options.

4. All programs on the computer are running slowly

• Could be malware, too many windows or temporary files. Could be the hard drive is fragmented or starting to fail, not enough RAM or an old CPU

• Virus can be a reason for the above problem so first run a virus scan to remove any malware in your PC.
• Second thing you can do is delete unwanted files or programs you don't need as it can make your hard drive running out of space leading to slow your computer's processing.

• Third thing is you can use  Disk Defragmenter or disk cleanup from system tools to delete remove the unwanted file and arrange the file by removing all extra spaces between them.

5. The mouse or keyboard has stopped working

• Could be driver issue, computer port or peripheral component issue (USB drive is missing or corrupted)

• First thing is if you are using a wired mouse or keyboard, you have to see to it that both mouse and keyboard are correctly plugged into the computer 

 • You can update the USB driver if needed. 

 •  If they are wireless see to it they are turned in and their batteries are charged.

6. The sound is not working

• It could be a driver or port issue.

• Check the volume level
• Check the audio player and see to it that the sound is turned on and that the volume is up in the player.
• Check the cables. If your computer has color-coded ports, the audio output port will usually be green.
• Connect headphones to the computer to find out if you can hear sound through the headphones.

7. The screen is blank

• This could mean there is a problem with your monitor or it could be the power supply is bad.

• Blank screen can be due to sleep mode so click any key on the keyboard to wake up your PC.
• See the monitor cable is plugged in and turned on.

8. PC is giving a long beeps & boot halted

1. 1 long, 2 short beep- Video adapter error: Bad or improperly seated video card

2. Repeating beeps-  Memory error: Bad or improperly seated RAM ( Remove and reinsert the RAM)

3. 1 long, 3 short beeps- Bad video RAM or video card not present

4. High-frequency beeps- Overheated CPU: Check fan

5. Repeating High/low beeps- CPU: Improperly seated or defective CPU

9. Insert boot media error

• It occurs when the system BIOS can't find boot device which the OS is installed on.

• Open BIOS settings. Arrange boot devices in the right order.
• Reboot If the problem persists, see whether the required media is listed in the BIOS.
• Boot from alternate media like CD, DVD or pen drive to check whether the PC can boot at all.

10. The Screen is Freeze

• Freezes can be a sign of the tram, registry conflicts, corrupt or missing files, or spyware.

• Press and hold the power button until the computer turns off, then restart it and get to work cleaning up the system so that it doesn’t freeze again.

11. BIOS settings are lost after each power off

• Replace CMOS battery

12. PC Reboots while you are working

• Could be automatic OS update problem, adware, virus or other malware Could be graphics card, motherboard or network card drivers

• Run antivirus scan
• Open the CPU panel Try another RAM. If the problem persists, try another SMPS.
• Check all IDE/ SATA cables. Reinsert all power cables.

13. Internet connection is slow

• It Could be an application that is consuming more bandwidth or Could be hard disk failing.

• See whether Windows is not automatically downloading updates. Go to automatic update in the control panel and disable automatic updates. This can be a reason for slow internet.

14. The new program cannot be installed

• It could be a compatibility or space issue

• First check you have chosen a compatible installer for your 32 or 64-bit operating system
• Next Right-click on the setup file and choose  Run as administrator.

 • Check you have sufficient space in your hard drive to install an application.

15. Paper jam error

• A  jam or an issue with the ink or toner cartridge can cause the error

• Switch off the printer and remove the top cover. Remove the jammed paper. Power on the printer and check whether it works.

16. Printers do not work

• It could be a driver or service issue or Another possible cause of your printer is the stuck print queue.

• Open control panel. Go to services. Click on Print Spooler service. If it is not running start the service.

•  Clear all print jobs to get your printer back to normal.

17. Overheating

• Multitasking the PC makes the CPU operate at high capacity and this generates a huge amount of heat  that leads  to overheating

• If a computer case does do does not have a sufficient cooling system, then the computer’s components may start to generate excess heat during operation.
• Turn the PC off and let it rest if it is getting hot.
• Check the fan to make sure it is working properly or not.